1 Qddiri practices. 539
2 okUa for 40 days shut up in a hut. At its close his disciples came to
3 revere him and thus the Roshani fair was instituted. Sayyid
4 Muhammad was a khalifa of Hazrat Hujat-ul-Aulia Shaikh Daud
5 Gangu. From the HaiUqd Ddudi it appears that he was contemporary
6 with Alamgir and probably the khdnqdh was founded in his reign.
7 Its mangement vests in the descendants of Sayyid Muhammad, and
8 for its service one or two mujdwats or faqirs are employed.
9 In imitation of this fair, another Roshani fair is held at Raipur in
10 Ludhiana tahsil on the same date, but it only lasts a day and a night.
11 It is held at Pir Daulat Shah's khdnqdh^ and his disciples (murids)
12 gather there.
13 Brown gives various details regarding the QMiris. According
14 to him Abdul Qadir's title was Sultan-uLAulia or sovereign of the
15 (saints). 1 The insigne of the Qadiris is the rose, because once
16 the Shaikh ml-Sa'id Abdul Qadir Gilani^ was directed by Khizr to
17 go to Baghdad and on his arrival the Shaikh (apparently the chief of
18 the town) sent him a cup full of water to signify that as the town was
19 already full of holy men it had no room for him. But the saint pub
20 a rose in the cup, although it was the winter season, to signify that
21 BaghdM could find a place for him. He was then admitted to the
22 city. Abdul-Qadir represents the atwdr-i»saV a or seven paths. ^ The
23 initiatory rites mubdya^ at of a murid include the bai^af or giving of the
24 right hand clasped in the Shaikh's right hand with the two thumbs
25 raised up against each other. ^
26 The Q^diris have three grades of d'irwesh^ the muriclj khalifa and
27 shaikh. The khalifa is the shaikJf s e.g. Shaikh Ismail or Rumi,
28 originally a Khalwatti, became the khalifa of Abdul Qadir. Sir Richard
29 Burton was initiated into this order, first as a shaikh, then as a murshid,
30 or one allowed to admit murids or apprentices.®
31 Thfi Qddiria methods and practices.
32 In the Qadiria method of contemplation the disciple is instructed
33 to attain union with God or reach to Him by the practices of yak-
34 zarbi, du-zarhi, seh-zarhi and chahdr-zarbi, four methods of repeating
35 the name of Allah, and he must recite His name in a voice so pitched
36 as not to arouse sleeping people. In yak-zarbi he repeats the word
37 Allah with a certain pitch and length of voice from the heart and throat
38 with emphasis once and then stops until his breathing is regulated and
39 ^Brown, The Dervishes^ p. 80,
40 p. 89, apparently Abdul-ul“Qadir himself or one of his successors.
41 ^There are 7 names of Allah, used in zikr, each having its peculiar light, prayer and
42 number of times which it must be repeated
43 1. La-Illabi-ill-Ullah, blue, 100,000 times."
44 2. Allah the ^ismi jalil or beauteous name, yellow, 78,586 times.
45 3. Ismi Hd, red, 44,630.
46 4. Ismi Hai, white, 20,092.
47 5. Wdhid, green, 93,420.
48 G. Aziz, black, 74,644.
49 7, Wadud, no light, 30,202.
50 These numbers total 447,574, but their mystical significance is not stated. It used
51 to be necessary to recite the names the above number of times in order to qualify for the
52 degree of Shaikh,
53 *Ib,, p. 95.
54 ® Al-Midina, I, p. 14.
55 Zikr,