1 442
2 Kama — Kamhoh.
3 Kama.— (1) A man, generally of low-caste, who has brought himself and
4 even his descendants for several generations under obligation to serve a
5 land-holder on account of debt, the service being rendered in lieu of the
6 interest while the principal remained as a perpetual debt. This condi-
7 tion of service still exists in Chamba, though more or less secretly, as it is
8 contrary to the State law, and also in Kullu in spite of the law. It pro-
9 bably exists all through the hills. (2) The hdma of the plains is a field
10 labourer.
11 Kamalia, Kambalia : see Gadaria. In Karnfil Muhammadan Jfits who have
12 taken to blanket weaving are also called Kamalias and are said to
13 marry only among themselves. But the Hindu Kamalias appear to be
14 all Gadarias in fact.
15 Kamachi, a small tribe of vagrant minstrels, apparently akin to the
16 Mirfisis.
17 Kamalzai, one of the four main divisions of the Mandanr branch of the
18 Khakhai (Khashi) Pafhfins. The Kamfilzai and Amazai, another branch,
19 are found in Mardd-n and the Razzar in Peshawar.
20 Kamangae, Kamagar, a bow-maker. With him may be classed the tir-gar
21 or arrow-maker, and possibly the pharera, but the latter appears to be
22 merely the hill name for the rang-saz.^ The Kamagar, as he is com-
23 monly called, is chiefly found in towns and cantonments and, except in
24 Kfingra, is always a Muhammadan. Now that bows are only made
25 for presentation the Kamagar has taken to wood decoration in general.
26 Any colour or lacquer that can be put on in a lathe is generally applied
27 by the Kharddi, but flat or uneven surfaces are decorated either by the
28 Kamangar or by the rangsdz, the former doing the finer sorts of work.
29 The Kamangar does not form a distinct caste, but is professionally
30 inferior to the Tarkhan or rangsdz, though he belongs to the Tarkhdn
31 caste.
32 Kambalia. See Gadaria.
33 Kamboh. — (1) The Kamboh is one of the finest cultivating castes in the
34 Punjab. They seldom engage in market-gardening, but they are no
35 less industrious and skilful than the Ardins. They are found in the
36 upper Sutlej valley as low down as Montgomery, throughout the
37 northern portion of the eastern plains, and as low down the Jumna
38 valley as Karudl. They are especially numerous in Kapurthala. The
39 Jumna Kambohs seem to have come into the valley from the west, and
40 there has lately been a very large influx of Kambohs from the northern
41 tracts of Patldla into the great dhdk jungles between Thdnesar and the
42 river. The Sutlej Kambohs of Montgomery are divided into two
43 branches, one of which came up the river from the Multdn country
44 (whence they are called lammawdlas, fr. lamma, Svest’j aud the other
45 down the valley from the neighbourhood of Kapurthala (whence they
46 are called tappawdla, from tappa, said to be the region between the
47 Beds and Sutlej), both movements having taken place under the Sikh
48 *The pharera or bharera is also soid to be a silversmith; see under Lohdr.