1 r
2 ive>raifled }' bob the great importancB nf water to tmcoess in tillage^
3 renders it neoeuny that I should fint' eq>laiEi how thai is obtained -
4 - Tlie moat genaral mode of irrigation is from streams ; the walet
5 of which is sometimes merely turned, npon the fields, but oftener is
6 cahriedto them by HtUecanala. It is divcnrted into thoae;ehBii«eU
7 hr^ dams, which, in small rivuletB, enws the bed^ and vtuimwpt sway
8 in the season when the water rises. In larger rivers, a partial em*
9 bankment is made on one side, whicli extends' for a certain distance
10 into the current, and whieJi, tltough it does not entirelv interrupt the
11 struani, yet forces a part of it 'mio the canal. From the canal, .smaller
12 water courses are drawn off to the fiolrls, w hich are bounded by little
13 bankn raised on purpose to retain tlie water.
14 The riL'Kt contrivance for obtxdning water is the sort of conduit,
15 whu li is called a eauraiz or cnhreez. T( is kno\m bv the same name
16 in Persia; but is I here inosl iietjueniiv called a Kaunaut. it is thus
17 made : The sjk>i where the water is to issue, must always be at the
18 foot of a slope extending to a liill ; and the ^rouiicl must be examined
19 to ascertain whether there are sprino^R, and in what direction they lie.
20 When tbe spot is fixed, a very sliallow well is sunk, and another of
21 greater depth is made at some distance up the slope^ A succession
22 of wells is made in tliis manner, and connected by a subterraneous
23 passage iioui well to well. The wells increase in depth us the ground
24 ascends ; but are so managed, that the passage which connects them
25 has a declivity towards the plain.. Manjr springs are discovered during
26 this process, but the workman stops them up, that they maiy not in-
27 temipt his opcntka% iiiitil he iMurfinUie^ the lait wdJ, when be
28 epnate ipiings ; aiidihe iietv iiiihMtbin^g|hllie*clMimel»c]bea
29 Ike ireUe to tfae height of it&eoiiiiai^ and ia pgndoqfeftontlisloivHt
30 into • water coune^ whidi oondiiGta it over the fiaUk- Wlian the
31 eanais'lii ence completed, die nails aie^f -no findicriia^ ame^to
32 aOovnaili Id deaeeiid occaakmally todeat «itlkn .fllilnneL. Ihe
33 ^iataiire hefewam the wells vmnm fiom tspfjwtdato ope hiMld|pd». U
34 i»ilMaUy afaentfiftjr. . Hie dhnaoaiaw of the abnoel aiegMMBa^
35 m MMiliaii 'are necessary to alhnr *^ irH* to wnri^ but aoaiOjaN
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