1 Death of Bahram,
2 1152 a, D.
3 Khusrau, his son,
4 succeeds.
5 Dics at Lihoro,
6 1160 a. dD.
7 Khusriu Malik.
8 Ghoznt conquered
9 by Shvhab-ud-din
10 Muh imi id Ghori, the
11 Sultan of Ghor,
12 His first Invasion of
13 the Panjab, 11s0 4, D.
14 S eon i Invasion,
15 Msta.p.
16 Tel Tnvisien,
17 VMeoa. p,
18 92 HISTORY OF TIE PANJAB.
19 surrounded by the perfidious Ghaznivide troops, who had apparently
20 embraced his cause, and brought a prisoner to Bahrém, by whom he was
21 executed in a barbarous manner. Ald-ud-dfn, the brother of Saif-ud-din,
22 now Sultan of Ghor, marched to avenge his brother’s death, and, after
23 a bloody contest, took possession of Ghazni, which he gave up to indiscri-
24 minate plunder. Most of its noble edifices were razed to the ground, and,
25 for seven days, the city was abandoned to fire and sword. Insatiate of
26 revenge, Ala-ud-din, who acquired the appellation of Jahansoz, or ‘the in-
27 cendiary of the world,” carried a number of the most venerable and learned
28 men in chains to Koh Firoz, to celebrate his victory, and there ordered their
29 throats to be cut. Bahrdm, after this defeat, fled to India, but died on the
30 way of a broken heart, in the year 1152, after a reign of thirty-five years.
31 SULTAN KHUSRAU.
32 Khusrgéu, the son of Bahrém, having left Ghazni, ‘arrived safely at
33 Lahore, where he was saluted king. When Ald-ud-din had retired to Ghor,
34 Khusrdéu marched from Lahore, with the object of recovering his lost king-
35 dom, but on the way he heard of the death of Sultan Sanjar, on whom he
36 relied for help, and of the invasion of Ghazni by the Turkomans of Ghiza.
37 He was therefore compelled to retrace his steps to Lahore where he reigned
38 in peace for seven years. He died at Lahore in 1160, leaving his dominions
39 to be inherited by his son, Khusrau Malik.
40 SULTAN KHUSRAU MALIK.
41 Khusrdu Malik, the son of the late Sultén Khusrau, ascended the throne
42 and ruled with justice and moderation. He was destined to be the last of
43 the great Ghaznivide dynasty who ruled in India. The kingdom of Ghazni
44 was, during his time, invaded and conquered by Sultén Shahab-ud-din
45 Muhammad Ghori, the brother of Ghids-ud-din, Sultan of Ghor, who had
46 succeeded his cousin, Saif-ud-din, the son of Ala-ud-din. Notsatisfied with that
47 acquisition, he marched an army into the Panjéb and overran the provinces
48 of Peshawar, Afghanistan, Multan and the Indus. In the year 1180, he
49 invested Lahore, which, being strongly fortified by Khusran Malik, all the
50 attempts of the invader to take it failed, and peace was at length concluded
51 between the contending parties. Muhammad Ghori retired from the country,
52 carrying with him Malik Shah, the son of the emperor, a child of four
53 years of age, as a hostage.
54 _ Four years later, Muhammad Ghori again invaded the Panjab and laid
55 serge to Lahore, but, failing to capture the town, he laid waste the open
56 country and slew many of the inhabitants. Then, after establishing a strong
57 garrison at Sialkot, to command the country between the Ravi and the
58 Chindb, he returned to Ghazni. On the departure of Muhammad, Khusréu
59 Malik, in conjunction with the Ghakkars, besieged the fort of Sialkot, but
60 a stout resistance being offered by Husain Firmali, the Governor, and all the
61 attempts of the besiegers to carry it by assault failing, the seige was raised.
62 Shortly after, or in 1186, Muhammad Ghori advanced against Léhore for
63 the third ume. He averted suspicion, however, by giving out that the ex-
64 pedition was intended to chastise the Saljuks, and, to prove that this was
65 his object, he sent back Malik Shah, the son of the Sultan, to Léhore, with
66 a magnificent escort. Khusrdéu Malik, being impatient to see his son, from
67 one had long been Separated, and suspecting no treachery, marched
68 a je oe with a small retinue to meet him, but Muhammad Ghori turned
69 ountains, by rapid marches, at the head of 20,000 cavalry, and,
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