1 640 HISTORY. OF THE PANJAB,
2 The lake of Kashmir, provincially named Dal, has long been celebrated for itg
3 beauties. It is situated on the north-eastern side of the city, and is reached by a
4 canal, The northern and eastern sides are bounded by green and lofty mountains
5 which slope down to the margins, affording a charming view. In the centre of the
6 plain, as it approaches the lake, is the spacious garden of Shalamar, constructed by
7 the Emperor Jahangir. The garden is 590 yards long and 207 yards broad, and is
8 surrounded by a brick and stone wall, ten feet high. It consists of four terraces of
9 equal dimensions, each furnished with numerous pavilions, fountains, and waterfalls.
10 The chief objects of interest in the valley are the floating gardens, the jhila, or
11 suspension bridge, the ruins of ancient buildings, rocks, springs, lakes and natural
12 scenery, which abound everywhere.
13 Tron abounds in Kashmir, It is worked near Sapur, Rampur and Islamabad.
14 Lead, sulphur and copper exist in various parts. The other products of the
15 country are timber, shawls, saffron, borax and cereals. Kashmir is also noted for
16 its paper manufacture, The paper is of very superior quality, as compared with
17 other papers of Indian manufacture, and is extensively used in copying books.
18 The first Europeans who visited Kashmir were Saint Francis Xavier, a Spanisl
19 Jesuit, and Goez, who accompanied the Emperor Akber to the valley in 1594, Bernier,
20 the French physician, visited the country in 1663, in the suite of Aurungzebe. He
21 has left a most interesting and romantic description of the valley and the city.
22 PATIALA,
23 This State is under the political superintendence of the Panjab Government.
24 The Raja belongs to the Phulkia family, and is 2 descendant of Rama, the second
25 son of Phul, their common ancestor. The raj4s of Nabhd and Jhind, being the
26 descendants of Taloka, the eldest son of Phul. The three States of Patidli, Jhind
27 and Nabha form thus the Phulkia family.
28 The area of the State is 5,887 square miles, with a total population of 1,583,803,
29 according to the census of 1891. The estimated gross revenue of the State is
30 Rs. 46,89,560. The military force consists of about 2,750 cavalry, 600 infantry, and
31 238 artillery men, with 31 field and 78 other guns. The Maharaja is entitled to a
32 salute of 17 guns, Maharaji Narandra Singh, who rendered excellent service to
33 the British Government during the Mutiny, died in 1862, and was succeeded by
34 his son, Mahander Singh, who, dying in 1876, was succeeded by his infant son,
35 Rajander Singh, the present Maharaja.
36 Within the boundaries of the State are situated a slate-quarry, near Simla, and
37 a lead mine, near Sabatu. In Narnoul, there are also marble quarries and copper
38 mines.
39 A broad-gauge line of railway from Rajpura, on the Sindh-Panjab and Delhi
40 (now the North-Western) Railway, to the capital of the State was opeued in 1882,
41 This was the first line of railway constructed in the Panjab at the expense of a
42 native State,
43 BAHAWALPUR.
44 The area of this State is 15,000 square miles, of which 9,880 square miles are
45 desert. The population, according to the census of 1891, is 648,900. The gross
46 revenue of the State is estimated at sixteen lakhs of rupees, Its military force
47 consists of 300 cavalry, 2,493 infantry and police, and 99 artillerymen, with 12
48 guns, The nawab ranks third, in order of precedence, among the Panjab chiefs,
49 coming next to the Maharaji of Patiala, and is entitled.to a salute of 17 guns,
50 The principal towns in the State are Bahdwalpur, the capital, Ahmadpur, Khanpur,
51 Kherpur and Minchinabad.
52 The chief of Bahawalpur is of the Datdputra tribe, a descendant of Bahdwal
53 Khan, who acquired independence on the dismemberment of the Durrani empire,
54 after the death of Shah Shuja. The tribe claims descent from Abbas, uncle of the
55 Prophet Mahomed. Sultan Ahmad II, the ancestor of the tribe, having migrated
56 from Egypt, invaded.Sindh at, the hea n 2 rse j ‘ 1
57 si GALGUL LAGI OAUE LAG Hihocsane, wo, Men eaeatorewel teal