1 - [Para gz.
2 “THE RACES, CASTES, AND TRIBES OF THE PEOPLE. , Lee VL
3 Part Il.—The Biloch, Pathan, and Allied Races.
4 that by men who have acen him fighting; and ho is on the whole the finest of the Pathdn races of our border. His phyaiqne in
5 exceptionally fing, and he is really braver, more open and more treacherous than other Pethéne. This mach is cortain, that he hay
6 ‘the power of prejudicing Englixhmen in his favour; and few are broaght into contact with him who do not at Toast begin with
7 enthuriastio admiration for his mantiness’?, He is tall, spare, wiry, and athletic; hardy and active, but impatient of heat. His
8 Yomen ate notoriowly unchaste. He is only nominally a Musaludo, being wholly ignorant and intensely superstitious, Tle Zakbs
9 Khel removed the odium under which they suffered af possasaing no shrine at which to worship, by inducing a aainted man of the
10 Kéka Khel to come and settle among them, and then pourdoring him ia order to bury his corpse and thus acquire 6 holy plase of
11 their own, The Afridi are intensely democratic, the nominal Chiefs having but little power. ae
12 ‘The Multagorl.—North of the Afridi come the Mullégori, & swoall and inoffensive tribe who are associated with the hill
13 Mohmand, but whose Pathda origin i¢ doubtful. They hold the Tartarsh country north of the Khsibar rauge, They rp noted
14 thieves, but confine themselves to potty offences, . 3 “
15 ‘The Shinwarl are the only branch of the descondants of Kénsi, third son of Karshabtin,? who still retam a corporate exist
16 ‘ence asatrbe. They lie west of the Mullégori, hold the hills to the north of the western ond of the Khaibar pxss, and thenes
17 stretch along the northern slopes of the Bafed Koh up to the Khugidni tersitory. They are divided into four great clans, Sangtt
18 Khel, Ali Sher Khel, Sepdh, and Mandozai, The Khaibar Shinwéri beloug to tho Ali Sher Khel, and live in the Lodrgi valley at
19 Landi Kotal. Their principal septs are Piro Khel, Mir Déd Khel, Khtige Khel, Shekh Mal Kbel, and Sulemén Khel. They are
20 Iuegely engaged in the carrying trade heween Peshéwar and Kabul; are stalwart, hardworking. land inoffensive, though much
21 icted to petty thieving.’ They probably, came up to this part of thé country with the Ghoris Khel (seo section
22 ‘The Bar Mohmand.—The history of the hill op Bar Mohmand has been related in section 409. They hold the hills to tho west
23 of the Dodbe between the Kébul river and Bajaur and the Utméa Khel country, the southern a of Kunar, and some of the
24 northern bills of the Khaibar, They havo also spread across our border along the Kabul river, between the two branches of which
25 the Halfmzai clan hoid a small area lying between the Détidzai and the Gagiéni. Their principal sections are Baizsi, Khedetal,
26 Dawezai, Utméuzai, Kukozai, and Tarakzai, the last of which is divided into Halfmzai, Isa Khel, Burhdn Khel, and
27 proper.
28 The Haltmzai and the Tarakzai proper hold land on our border, the others living farther west. The Khda of Lélpurs, Chick
29 Bédi Khel —._(almont extinct), | “everything shows the absence ization, Thay are a sober swith none of the vices of
30 lust. LMeutkbel, the Yusufzai”,? ‘They give us bat little trouble. a people, .
31 : resin ‘The Yusufeai proper.—The history of tho Yusufzai has ready. deon related in sections
32 iiderai . * 408—g. Their main divisions are thowa in the margin. The holdings of the Akozai clans
33 ; Daulatsai. have already been described in section 410, The Isdzai hold the north-east slopes of Muhdban,
34 Maltcai 9 Chaghareai. and the mountainous country on both sides of the Indus in Hazéra and the Gaddn valley.
35 Ranivai, The Malfzai hold eastern and the Ilidezai western Buner. The Réo{zai and Baizai septs
36 Akorsi . .{ Khwéjazai. of the Akozai hold all the hills beyond the northern border of Yusufzai, the former to the west
37 Baia. ang the letter to the east, Beyond them in Bucer jie the Saldrzai sept of the Hiderai, and
38 ain between them and the Chamlah valley are the Nurazai of the Malizai clan, which includes
39 ciless, and fal, Bat they nro -ofe tively Fo ty sole aia Hehe Aa beer iad pore amy poe a eet
40 a revi be 1@) of @ livel ant od
41 honour of thelr women. ‘Theit tribal covstitution ts distinotly democratio, Bene ee ear ye
42 : Country.—South of the Yienfsai- territory come Chamlah and the Kbudu Khel already noticed. ‘The
43 parenmas cerry cn args eee genteel, Stare ge Se
44 in be im ve 10)
45 of Mahiban'down to the Yndve, be well ane ‘commiderable ares Yo Henn. ‘They are eotribed in ‘veotion 47%, . ; ’
46 412, The Pathan tribes of Hazara.—The Hazd4ra mountains on this side of the Indus were from a
47 very early date inhabited by a mixed po ulation of Indian origin, the Gakkhars occupying the portion
48 to the south and having authority over the Rajpits of the eastern hills, while a Gijar population held most
49 of the northern and central parts of the district. In 1399 A.D, a family of Karlégh Tiirks came into -
50 India with Taimur, settled in the Pakhli plain in the‘north and centre of the district, and established their
51 rule over the whole of the district, then known as the kingdom of Pakhli*. I have already related how,
52 about the middle of the r6th century, the Dilazdk were driven out of Pesh4war across the Indus, and were
53 presently followed by the representatives of the old Gandhéri, the present inhabitants of Swat and Buner
54 and the mountains north and east of Pesh4war. As the Afghans who had possessed themselves of the
55 trans-Indus tract opposite the Hazdra district increased in numbers and extended their rule, successive
56 “bands of the old inhabitants crossed the river and settled in Hazd4ra. About the end of the 17th century §
57 a Saiyad named Jal4! Baba, ancestor of the famous Sai of K4gén, came with a heterogencous following
58 from Swat, drove out the Karl4gh, and appropriated the northern half of the district, including the
59 valley of Kigén. About the same time the Tandoli crossed the river and occupied the hifl country between
60 Abbottdéb&éd and ‘the river, now known by their name as Tandwal; while the Jadin came over from their
61 otiginal seat between Pesh4war and Hazd4ra and possessed themselves of the tract south of Abbottab4d,
62 the Tarin drove out or subjected the Gujar families of the Hazd4ra Risin, and the: Utmdnzai, called across
63 the Indus by the Gujars as allies, appropriated the Gandgarh tract along the bank of the river from Torbela
64 to the boundary of the district. During the first 20 years of the 19th century the Durrani lost their hold
65 on the district, something like anarchy prevailed, and the distribution of tribes gradually assumed its present
66 form. This may be broadly described as follows. Afghdns hold the country between the Gandgarh range .
67 and the Indus, and the plaing for some little distance south-east of the junction of the Siran and Dor. Tribes
68 of Indian origin hold the whole south and south-east of the district and the eastern hills as high up as Garhi
69 Habfbullah opposite Muzaffar4b4d, the Gakkhare holding the south of the tract along both banks of
70 ) Macgrogor's Gasetteer ef the North-Western Frontier, verb. Afe(di.
71 > Dr Bellew says they came from Persia in the time of Nédir Shéh, and settled among the Pathéns,
72 * Maegregor's Gasetteer, voce Utmin Khel. .
73 ‘Major Wace says they, were a clan of the Hazica Tirks. But the Tirks who gave their name to the district are supposed
74 to es come with Changiz Khén and not with Taimur. Derhaps they were the same men, and have confused the tro invaders in their
75 traditions.
76 5 This is the date given approximately by Major Wace. It should perbaps be put a century earlier. ts
77 aig