1 BILOCH, PATHAN, AND ALLIED RACES. 87
2 Lughraan, while the Yusufzai (I use the word throughout in its widest sense
3 to include both the Maudaur and the Yusufzai proper) and ITtman Khel
4 moved still further east through the Khaibar pass to Peshawar. Here they
5 settled peacefully for a while; biit presently quarrelled with the Dilazak and
6 expelled them from the Doiiba or plain country in the angle between the Swat
7 and Kabul rivers, into which they moved. They then crossed the Swat river
8 iuto Hashtnaghar and attacked the Eastern Shilmani, a trilic probablv of
9 Indian origin, who had only lately left their houies in Shilman on the KuiTam
10 river for the Khailjar mountains and Hashtnaghar. These they dispossessed
11 of Hashtnaghar and drove them northwards across the mountains into Swat,
12 thus acquiring all the plain country north of the Kabul river and west of
13 Hoti Mar.lan.
14 409. Meanwhile the Ghoria Khel whom they had left behind in the
15 Kandahar country had been following in their track ; and early in the 16th
16 century they reached the western mouth of the Khaibar pass. Ilere they seem
17 to have divided, a part of the Mohniaml now known as the Bar Mohmand
18 crossing the Kabul river at Dakka, while the remainder went on through the
19 pass to the plain of Peshawar lately vacated by the Yusufzai, where they
20 defeated the Dilazak in a battle close to Peshawar, drove them across the
21 Kabul river into what are now called the Yusufzai plains, and occupied all the
22 flat country south of the Kabul river and west of Jalozai. This they still
23 hold, the Diiudz li holding the right bank of the Kabul river, and the Khalil
24 the left bank of the Bara riv(;r and the border strip between the two streams
25 facing the Khaibar pass, while the Mohmand took the country south of the
26 Bara and along the right bank of the Kiibul as far as Naushahra, though they
27 have since lost the south-eastern portion of it to the Khatak. Meanwhile the
28 Bar Mohmand made themselves masters of the hill country lying north of the
29 Kabul river as far uj^ as Lalpura and west of the Doaba, and possessed them-
30 selves of their ancestral capital Gandhiira, driving out into Kafiristan the in-
31 habitants, who were probably their ancient kinsmen, the descendants of such
32 Gandhari as had not accompanied them when, two centuries earlier, they had
33 migrated to Kandahar. They then crossed the Kabul river, and possessed
34 themselves of the country Ijetween its right bank and the crest of the Afridi
35 hills to the north of the Khaibar pass.
36 While these events were occurring, the Gugiani, Tarklanri,' and Muham-
37 madzai, who had been left behind in Ningrahar, moved eastwards, whether
38 driven before them by the advancing Ghoria Khel, or called in as allies against
39 the Dilazak by the Yusufzai. At any rate they joined their friends in Doaba and
40 Hashtnaghar, and attacking the Dilazak, drove them out of Yusufzai aiul across
41 the Indus. They then divided their old and new possessions among the allies,
42 the Gugiani receiving Doai>a, the Muhammadzai Hashtnaghar, while the
43 Yusufzai, Utman Khel, and Tarklanri took the great Yusufzai plain. During
44 the next twenty years these three tribes made themselves masters of all the hill
45 country along the Yusufzai, Hashtnaghar, and Bar Mohmand border, from the
46 Indus to the range separating the Kuuar and Bajaur valleys, the inhabitants
47 of which, again the ancient Gandhari who had abeady suffered at the hands of
48 the Bar Mohmand, they drove east and west across the Indus into Hazara and
49 across the Kurram into Kafiristau. This country also they divided, the
50 Tarkliim-i taking Bajaur, and the Utman Khel the valley of the Swat river up
51 ' A section of the TarkUnri remained in Lughman, where they still dwell.