1 BILOCH, PATIIAN, AND ALLIED RACES.
2 89
3 western portion of the hills between Yiisufzai and Swat, the Khwajazai who occupy the country
4 between the Swat and Panjkora rivers, and the Baizai. The last originally held the Lundkliwar valley
5 in the centre of the northernmost portion of tlie Peshawar district, and all the eastern liill country
6 between that and the Swat river. The hills they stiU hold ; but the Khatak have,' as ab'eadv recounted
7 214] in section 406, obtained all the western portion of the valley, while the Utman Khel Karlanri, whom the
8 Baizai called in as allies in a fend with their neighbours and kinsmen tiie Ranizai, have obtained
9 its north-east corner, and tlie Baizai now hold only a small tract to the south of these last. They
10 are divided into si.x septs, Abba Khel, Aziz Khel, Babozai, Matorezai, lliisa Khel, and Zangi Khel.
11 The last lies south of the Ham range which divides Swat from Buner. Tlie other five originally held
12 the Baizai valley and the hills to the north ; but since the irruption of the Khatak and Utman Khel,
13 only the first three hold land in our territory.
14 The Mandanr hold the remainder of the Peshawar district. They are divided into main clans
15 as follows ; —
16 Mandanr
17 Usmanzai
18 f Kamalzai
19 1
20 Utm^nzai
21 Saddozai.
22 Amazai
23 r Alfzai.
24 . < Kanazai.
25 (. Akazai.
26 ( Misliranzai.
27 ) Kishranzai.
28 ( Daulatzai.
29 )^ Ismailzsi.
30 fMauezai.
31 I Malakzai.
32 I Eazar ...•{ Ako Khel.
33 I Khidrzai.
34 (_ LMamiizai.
35 Tlie Saddozai are by origin a branch of the Utmanzai by a second wife of Utman, but they are
36 practically separated from them. The Usmanzai occupy all the northern and western portions of
37 the Mandanr tract, the Kamalzai lying to the west immediately south of the Lundkhwar valley and
38 stretching as far down as the border of the Bulaq Khatak, while the Amazai lie to the east and
39 south-east of the same valley. Of the septs, the Kishranzai, who hold Hoti and Mardan, and the
40 Daulatzai lie to the north, and the ilishranzai and tlie Ismiiflzai to the south of the respective tracts.
41 South of the Amazai and between them and the Khatak territory come the Bazar ; while the
42 Utmanzai and Saddozai hold the extreme east of the district on the right bank of the Indus, the
43 Saddozai lying to the west and the Utmanzai to the east. These latter also hold a small area in the
44 south of tlie independent Gadiin vaUey, and early in the 18th century were called across the Indus
45 by the Giijars of Hazara as allies against the Tari'n Afghans, and appropriated the Gandgarh tract
46 from Torbela to the southern border of Hazara. In this tract all three of their main septs are
47 represented, the Tarkheli section of the .\h'zai holding the southern half of the tract, and stretching
48 across the border into Attak. The Khudu Khel, a Saddozai sept, occupy the valleys between
49 Chamlah and the Gadiin country. The valley of Chamlah on the Peshawar border and north of the
50 Gadiin country is occupied by a mixture of Mandanr clans, in which the Amazai, whose Ismailzai
51 sept hold the Mahaban counti-y, largely preponderate. The Mandanr, living almost wholly within
52 cm- territory and long subject to the rulers of Peshawar, are perhaps more civilised and less im-
53 patient of control than any other Path^n tribe.
54 411. The Pathan tribes of the Peshawar border. The Afridi.— Dr. Bellew says that the
55 Afridi, whom he identifies witli the Aparyta of Herodotus, originally held the whole of the Safed
56 Koh system between the Kabul and tlie Kurram river, from the Indus to the headwaters of the
57 Kurram and the Pewar ridge. But since the great Scythic invasions of the 5th and succeeding
58 centm-ies, they liave been successively encroached upon by tribes of very diverse origin ; first by the
59 Orakzai and Bangash to tlie south, and later by the Wazi'ri and Tiiri to the south-west, the
60 Khatak to tlie east, and the Ghilzai, Kliugiani and Shinwari to the west. Tliey now hold only the
61 central fastnesses of the eastern extremity of the Safed Koh ; namely, tlie Kliaibar mountains, the
62 valley of the Bara and the range south of that valley which separates KohSt from Peshawar, and
63 the nortliern parts of Ti'rali, which they recovered from tlie Orakzai in tlie time of Jahangir. The
64 Pathan liistorians trace their descent from Bu'han, son of Kakai, grandson of Karlanri, by his son
65 Usman surnamed Afridi, and say that in the 7th century tlie Khaibar tract was held by Rajpiits of
66 the Bhatti tribe and Yadiibansi stock, subjects of the Raja of Lahore, who were con^^tantly_hal•assed
67 by the Afghans of Ghor and the Sulemans ; and tliat about the end of the century the Afridi, then
68 in alliance wltli the Gakkhars, obtained from tlie Lahore Government all the hill country west of the
69 Indus and soutli of tlie Kabul river on condition of guarding the frontier against invasion. The
70 Afridi are divided into five clans, of which the Ula Khel and in it the Zakha Khel sept is the
71 » Some say that the Khatak, as well as the Utman Khel, were called in as allies agaitst tho
72 Bauizai.