1 JAT, RAJPUT, AND ALLIED CASTES. 127
2 their respective homes. There the superiority of the Sikh and Dese Jats over
3 the stunted Bagri and the indolent enervated .Jat of the Satluj is most
4 strikingly apparent.
5 There is an extraordinary division of the Jats of Dohli, Rohtak, and
6 Karnal, and indeed of the other land-owning castes who have for the most
7 part taken the one side or the other, into two factions known as Dehia and
8 Haulania. I quote the following passage from my Settlement Report of
9 Karnal and Panipat : —
10 " The Dehias are caUed after a .Tat ti'ibe of that name, with its head-quarters about Bhatganw
11 " ill Suupat, liaving originally come from Bawana near Dehli. The Haulania faction is he.ided by
12 " the Ghatwal or Malak Jats, whose head-quarters are Dher-ka-AInilana in Gohana, and who were,
13 " owing to their successful opposition to the Rajputs, the accepted heads of the Jats in these parts.
14 " Some one of the Emperors called tliem in to assist him in coercing the Mandahar Rajputs, and
15 " thus tlie old enmity was strengthened. The Dehia Jats, growing powerful, became jealous of the
16 " supremacy of tlie Ghatwals and joined the Mandahars against them. Thus the country side was
17 " dividel iiito two factions ; the Giijars and Tagas of the tract, the Jaglan Jilts of (hapa >faultha,
18 ••■ and the Latmar Jats of Rohtak joining the Dehias, and the Hilda JiUs of Rohtak, and most of
19 " the Jats of the tr.ict except the Jaglaus, joining the Haulanias. In the mutiny, distm'bances
20 '•■ took place in the Rohtak district between these two factious, aud the Mandahars uf the Nardak
21 " ravaged the Haulanias in the south of the tract. And in framing my xails I had to alter my
22 " proposed division so as to separate a Dehia village which I had included with Haulanias, and
23 " which objected in consequence. The Dehia is also caUed the Jat, and occasionally the Mandahar
24 " faction. Even Sir H. Elliott seems to have been unaware of the existence of these factions. The
25 " Jits and Rajputs seem, independently of these divisions, to consider each other, ti-ibally speaking,
26 " as natural enemies ; and I have ol ten been assured by Jats, though I do not believe it, that they
27 " would not dare to go into a Rajput village at night."
28 Mr. Maeonachie quotes a Dehli tradition which makes two lirotliers from
29 Rajputana called Mom :ind ^om the respective ancestors of the Haulania
30 Rajputs of the docib and the Plaulania Jats of Rohtak.
31 Here again, in the south-eastern districts, the distinction between Jat and
32 Rajput is definite and well-marked, the Jat always practising and the Rajput
33 always abstaining from knrtma ; though I do not think that here a family
34 could raise itself from the former to the latter caste by discontinuingthe
35 custom, as would appear to be possible elsewhere. The figures for the tribes
36 we are to consider are given in Abstract No. 't 7 on the opposite page,* the
37 *g- ^^^' tribes being roughly arranged from north to south down the Jamna valley,
38 and then westwards along the southern border of the Province. The last five
39 tribes will be considered under Rajputs ; and they are shown in this abstract,
40 not because they are returned as Jats especially in this pnrt of the Panjab, but
41 because the Rajput tribes to which they belong will be discussed under the
42 head of Rajputs of the Eastern Plains. The tribes in this group are neither so
43 large nor so important as those of the Sikh tracts, and in many cases I have
44 little or no information to give concerning them. There seems a great
45 tendency in these parts to split up into small clans, retaining the tradition of
46 common tribal descent, but commonly using the name of the clan and not of
47 the tribe.
48 440. The Jat tribes of the South-Eastern Districts. The Ghatwal (No. 1).— This is the
49 only one of the tribes now under consideration who trace then- origin from Ghar Ghazni ; aud even
50 they place that city in the Deccan and not in Afghanistan. They claim descent from Saroba
51 Rajputs. Their head-quarters are at Ahulana in the Gohana tc.h!,H of Rohtak, and they occupy
52 the country between it and the Jamna, being numerous in the north of Dehli and the south o'^^
53 Karnal. I suspect that our figm-es for Rohtak are considerably under the truth. Ahular is s?'
54 to have been founded 22 generations ago, and gives its name to the Haulania factiogig 1 1
55 mentioned. The Ghatwal are often called Malak, a title they are said to have • ]
56 follows;— 7 139' 12,639
57 " In the old days of Rajput ascendancy the Rajputs would not allow Jats to cover '
58 "with a tui-bau, nor to wear "any red clothes, nor to put a crown (>no>-) on the^
59 "bridegi'oom, or a jeweHna^) in then- women's noses. They also used to levy p