1 160 PANJAB CASTES.
2 subject. The figures for tribal dhn'sions of the Rajputs of the Hill States
3 appear to be cxceedini^ly imperfect. Indeed the divisions themselves do not
4 seem to be very clearly marked. Mr. Barnes writes : —
5 " Each class comprises mmicroug sub-divisions. As the family increased, individuals left the
6 " court to settle on some estate in the eonntry, and their desrendants, thoiisrh still retaininff the
7 " generic appellation of the race, are further distinguished bv the name of the estate with which
8 "they are more immediately identified. Sometimes, though" not so frequently, the designation of
9 " the ancestor furnishes a surname for his posterity. Thus among the Patha'nias or Niirpur Mi'ana
10 •^ there are twenty -two recognised sub-divisions ; the Golerias are distributed into thirteen distinct
11 ^^ tribes ; the Katoch clan has four grand divisions, each of which includes other subordinate de-
12 ' nominations. A Rajput interrogated by one who he thinhs will understand these refined distinc-
13 ^^ tions, will give the name, not of his clan but of his patronymic. To a stranger lie gives no
14 detail, but ranges himself under the general appellation of Kshatriya or Rajpiit."
15 457. Rajput tribes of the Eastern Hills.— The Katoch, Goleria, and Dharwal (Nos. 1, 2,
16 3)- — Tte Katoch is the family of the Kangra dynasty, a dynasty which dates from certainly some
17 centuries before Christ, wliose tree shows an unliroken line'of fo'ur hundred and seventy hin'gs, and
18 whose kingdom once included the whole of the Hoshvarpur aud Jalandhar districts. ' The ancient
19 name of the kingdom is said to have been Katoch. Sir Lcpel Griffin writes thus of the Katoch of
20 Kangra, and the neighbouring Hill Rajas : —
21 _" Antecedent to what are called historic times, conjecture must take the place of truth ; but
22 " '* '^^""t difficult to imagine that those long genealogies, by the side of which the noblest names
23 " of Europe seem but as of yesterday, contain some semblance of the truth. These quiet mountain
24 I' yalle.vs, guarded bY_ difficult passes, by ice and by snow, lay altogether out of the path of the
25 "„ ^y*^"'^ 'iraiics which, one after another, in quick succession, poured down upon the plains of
26 I' Hindustan from the north-west. Here a peaceful race, with no ambition urging them to try
27 j their strength against their neighbours, and with little wealth to tempt invasion, may have quietly
28 lived for thousands of years, and their royal dynasties may have been already "ancient when
29 ^^ Moses^was leading the Israelites out of Egypt, and'the Greeks "were steering their swift ships to
30 Their pride is expressed in the following proverb :-" In the house of the Katoch the work-
31 •' man gets coarse flour, and the flatterer fine rice." The Katoch claim to form a third section of
32 the great Rajput stock, Surajbansi and Chandrahansi being the other two. Tliey sav they are de-
33 scended from an ancestor called Bhumi who was formed from the sweat on Bliagwaifs forehead;
34 and as JAHffiia means earth, it may be that their division completes the triplet of the Sun, the
35 Moon, and the Earth-born races.
36 The Goleria are the ruling family of Goler, and a branch of the Katoch stock ; the Dharwal
37 1 cannot identify. Some of the Kangra Rather have returned their clan as Dharwal.
38 The Chandel and Pathial (Nos. 4, 5) — The Chandel are one of the 36 roval races, and are
39 fully described in Elliott's Races of the N.-W. Provinces. It is not impossible that they are
40 the same stock as the Chandal, outcastes where subjects, Rajputs where dominant. They are returned
41 chiefly from the Native State of Bilaspur. It would be in'tercsting to know how this lowest of all
42 the Rajput races finds a place among the Simla States, and whether the ruling family of Bilaspur
43 IS Chandcl. The Pathial appears to be among the most distinguished of the second class Rajputs,
44 and might, according to Mr. Lyall, more properlv be classed as first-class Thatars. In Kangra
45 3,451 persons have entered themselves as Gondal Pathial, and are shown under both headings.
46 The Pathania (No. 6).— This is the tribe to which the ruling family of Nurpur in Kangra
47 belonged,_and is said to take its name from Pathankot in Gurdaspur, '■' the first possession which
48 "the family occupied on their emigration to this neighbourhood from Hindustan ; " though in this
49 case it would seem more probable that thev gave their name to the town. I have, however, receiv-
50 ed a tradition, though not from good authoritv, that the Pathania Rajputs only occupied Pathan-
51 kot some five or sk centuries ago. They are "chieflv found in the Hushyarpur and Kangra dis-
52 tricts. They are said to be of the same stock as the'Katoch.
53 •1 ''?* JaSWal (No. 7).— Tlie Jaswal are the ancient ruling family of the Jaswan diUi in the low
54 hills of Hushyarpm-. They are nearly allied with the Katoch house of Kangra.
55 The Dlldwal (No. 8).— The Dudwal are the ancient ruling family of Dutarpur, and oi'e said
56 to take their name from Dada in Kangra on the Hushvarpur border. The Rauas of the Bit
57 Wanaswal or tableland of the Hushyarpur Siwaliks were Diidwal Rajputs, and the clan still holds
58 the tract. Tliey are chiefly found in Hushyarpur.
59 The Laddu KUchi and Khoja (Nos. 9, 10, 11),— The Kilchi is said to be a clan of !the Mani
60 R^iputs, which see further on ; but the Hushyarpur Kilehi have returned their second sub- I
61 division as follows ; Bhatti, 240 ; Chauhan, 255 ; Ghorewaha, 134; Laddu, 905 ; Manj, 127 ; Naru,
62 ?>'? 1?' f^jj"""*' ^^- *^^ '^^ •'^'"'•i'' ^'^''^ ^"^'^ ^^'°'^'^ themselves as Janjiia and 1,189 as Naru
63 t,t the Laddu 905 have shown themselves as Kilchi also. All these are confined almost entirely
64 to Hushyarpur, and are probably local clans