1 MINOR LAND-OWNING AND AGRICULTURAL CASTES. 1 1 \
2 Atvan claxs.
3 1.
4 Khokhar
5 ... 18,3S8
6 7.
7 Pabkal .
8 . 6,118
9 2.
10 Madhwal
11 ... 11,903
12 8.
13 Klmrana..
14 6,105
15 3.
16 Khattar
17 ... 11,278
18 9.
19 Darhal .
20 . 5,299
21 4.
22 Kalghan
23 ... 11,166
24 10.
25 Gulshalii. .
26 3,450
27 5.
28 Rchan
29 ... 8,394
30 11.
31 Kang
32 . 2,979
33 6.
34 Jand
35 ... 6,288
36 12.
37 Cbalian .
38 . 2,326
39 " fhev do not give their daughters in marriag-e to other tribes, and the
40 " children of a low-caste woman by an A wan are not considcrod true Awans. "
41 In Jaldam their position would scarcely seem to be so high as in Rawalpindi,
42 as Mr. Thomson describes them as distinctly belonging to the zamiiddr or
43 peasant class, as opposed to the Gakkhars and Janjuas who are Sakti or gentry.
44 The history of the Awans is sketched by Sir Lep d Griffin at pages 570// of his
45 Punjab Chiefs. The Awans
46 have returned very few large
47 sub-divisions. I give the
48 figm-es for some of the largest
49 in the margin. Of the Kho-
50 khar 5,663 are in Rawalpindi,
51 ■IMl in Jahlam, 3,94-9 in
52 Shahpm-, 2,438 in Bauuu, and
53 3,301 in Hazara ; while of the
54 Khattar 10,916 are in Rawal-
55 pindi. These men are probably really Khattars and Khokhars rather than
56 Awans, but have returned themselves thus in pm'suance of the tradition of all
57 the three tribes having a common origin.
58 467. The Khattar (Caste No. 162).— The Khattars are a tribe which
59 claims Irinship with the Awans, and to b ■, like them and the western Kliokhars,
60 descended from one of the sons of Qutb Shah Qur shi of Ghazni. But the
61 Awans do not always admit the relationship, and the Khattars are said often
62 to claim Rajput origin. Mr. Steedman howover accepts their Awan origin,
63 and says that an Awan admits it, but looks upon the Khattars as an inferior
64 section' of the tribe to whom he will not give his daughters in marriage.
65 Sir Lcpel Griffin, who relates the histoiy of the principal Khattai- families
66 at pages 561 to 569 of his Punjab Chiefs, thinks that they were originally
67 inhabitants of Khorasan who came to India with the early ilahomedan
68 invaders. But Colonel Craeroft notes that the Khattars of Rawalpindi still
69 retain maiTiage customs which point to an Indian origin ; and they them-
70 selves have a tradition of having been driven out of their territory on the Indus
71 near Attak into Afghanistan, and returning thence with the armies of
72 ]\Iuhammad Ghori. General Cunningham, on the other hand, would identify
73 them with a branch of the Kator, Cidarit-.e, or little Yuchi, from whom the Gujars
74 also are descended and whose early history is related in section -iSO. {Archao^o-
75 gical Rtports,Yo\.ll, page 80).' They" now hold the tract known by their
76 name which extends on both sides of the Kala Chitta Pahar from the Indus to the
77 boundary of the Rawalpindi tahsil, and from Usman Kiitar on the north to the
78 Khair-i-iliii-at hills on the south, and which they are said to have taken fi-om
79 Gujars and Awans. The figures of Table VIII-A are very imperfect, as the
80 Khattars of Rawalpindi have retm-ned thems.dves as Awans. Under the caste
81 heading of Awan no fewer than 11,278 persons have shown their clan as
82 Khattar, of whom all but 362 are in the Rawalpindi district, thus bringing
83 up the total numbers for the Province to 12,523. Colonel Cracroft writes:
84 " The Khattars enjoy an unenviable notoriety in regard to crime. Their
85 " tract has always been one in which heavy crime has flourislied ; they are bad
86 " agricidturists, extravagant in their liabits, keep hawks and horses, and are
87 " often backward in paying their revenue. They do not allow their daughters
88 " to inherit excepting in cases of intermarriage with members of the family
89 " and even then only for some special reason." On this Steedman notes