1 RELIGIOUS. PROFESSIONAL AND OTHER CASTES 259
2 553. The Kangar (Caste No. 180).— The Kangar is also a travelling
3 hawkev, but he confines his traffic to small articles of earthenware such as
4 pipe-bowls, and especially to those earthen images in which native children
5 delight. These he makes himself and hawks about for sale. He is returned
6 in the tables from the Amritsar division only. But Baden-Powell gives at
7 pao'C 267 of Panjdb Mannfactvres a long account of an operation for a new
8 nose said to be successfully performed by the Kangars of Kangra
9 554. The Kunjra (Caste No. 114). — Here again is a purely occupational
10 term, and again confusion as the consequence. Kunjra is nothing more or
11 less than the Hindustani, as Sahzi farosli is the Persian for greengrocer.
12 The bio- men generally use the latter term, the small costermongers the
13 former. But in no ease is it a caste. The Kunjra belongs as a rule to one
14 of the castes of market gardeners which have been described under minor
15 agricultural tribes. I do not know why Ku.njra slioidd have Ijeen returned
16 under that name only in the east. It may lie that in other parts of the
17 Province it is more usual to call the seller of vegetables an Arain or Bagban
18 as the case may be, and that tlie word Kunjra is little used. This pro-
19 bably is the trae explanation, as the figures for Native States show the
20 same peculiarity.
21 555. The Tamboli (Caste No. 165). — A Tamboli is a man who sells pin
22 and betel-nut ; but whether the sale of those commodities is confined to
23 a real caste of that name I cannot say. It is probable that the term is
24 only occupational. If Tamboli were a real caste we should have it returned
25 from every district, as the word seems to be in use tliroughout the Pro-
26 vince. Shening, however, gives it as a separate caste in the neighbourhood
27 of Benares. Tamhuli is the Sanskrit name of the betel plant.
28 MISCELLANEOUS CASTES.
29 556. Miscellaneous Castes. — The castes which I have included in Abstract
30 *P. 260- No. 9.T on the next page* are of a miscellaneous nature, and would not con-
31 •''^ veniently fall ander any of tlie main divisions under which I have grouped
32 my castes. I have divided them into two classes. The first, which includes
33 Kashmiris, Dogras, Giirklias, and Parsis, are Indian castes who live on the
34 borders of the Pan jab but are only present in the Province as immigrants ;
35 though indeed some of the Kashmiri colonies are now permanent and con-
36 tain large numl^ers of people. The secoud, which includes Kayaths, Bishnois,
37 Chahzangs, and Kanchans are inhabitants of the Panjab, though no one of
38 them except the Kayath of the plains can be said to be a true caste.
39 rp 3021 ^^'^' ^^'^ Kashmiri and Dogra (Castes Nos. 26 and 182).— The word
40 Kashmiri is perhaps applicable to the members of any of the races of
41 Kashmir ; but it is commonly used in Kashmir itself to denote the people
42 of the valley of Srinagar. Our figures however probably include some
43 Chibhalis, or the race who inhabit the Kashmir hills and the bordei-s of
44 Giiirat, Rawalpindi, and Hazara. But they do not include either Dogras
45 or the Paharis of Kishtwar and Badarwah, as these last are Hindus,
46 while our Kashmiris are Musalmaus. In any case the term is a geo-
47 graphical one, and probably includes many of what we should in the
48 Panjab call separate castes. The cultivating class who form the great
49 mass of the Kashmiris proper are probably of Aryan descent, though per-
50 haps with an intermixture of Khas blood, and possess marked characters.
51 s8