1 Xll APPENDIX.
2 while his brothers, who have the name of Jowahir. Dehan
3 each been four times married, Sing* had three sons,
4 have each but two sons ; those of Dhyan Sing-, being* the well-
5 known Hera Sing- and Jowar Sing : — those of Golab Sing-
6 were, Udam Sing, killed by the fall of a gateway, when No
7 Nihal Sing also perished, and Jowahir Sing now alive." — Note,
8 p. 275.
9 From Colonel SteinbacJi's Work.
10 Note.
11 " Most of the towns are The dry moat, or ditch of
12 surrounded by a mud or brick Lahore, could only be supplied
13 wall of frail quality ; Lahore with water from the Ravee, ak
14 itself is so defended, with the considerable trouble and ex-
15 addition of a dry moat, which, pense, as there is no water
16 on emergency, could be filled course, or canal of any hind
17 with water from the neigh- for that purpose ; and, during
18 bouring Ravee. But, the mud eight or nine months out of
19 walls would afford no protec- the twelve, the nearest point
20 tion against artillery. They of the River is at least two, or
21 were originally constructed by two and a half miles from the
22 the inhabitant s." — Page 3. walls of the Fort.
23 The present walls as every body may see are of brick
24 work ; and, were originally erected by the Emperor Akbar,
25 and not by the inhabitants ; and not only the walls of the pre-
26 sent town, but those of the present fort, were built also by that
27 Emperor. The " moat," " half moon batteries" "faicsse
28 braye," &c, were formed by Runjeet, and the walls themselves
29 underwent considerable repairs during his reign, &c. &c.
30 Note.
31 "Umritzur, situated between Umritsir was never consi-
32 the rivers "Beas" and " Ravee," dered the capital. However,
33 is of somewhat larger extent in comparing the two cities,
34 than Lahore, and from having Lahore may be considered the
35 been the capital, when Run- seat of Government and mili-
36 jeet Sing exercised dominion tary depot, and the original
37 over the Punjaub, is now a capital of the country ; but of
38 place of great commercial im- late years, or since the acces-
39 portance." — Page 4. sion to power of Runjeet, and
40 consequently Hindu supremacy, Umritsir has not only rival-
41 led it, but far surpassed it, in every other respect, so that at
42 present, Umritsir may be called the " Mart " and " Trading
43 Capital" of the Punjaub • its wealth, commerce, &c. now far