1 BILOCH, PATHAN, AND ALLIED RACES. 95
2 people ai-e apparently returned as Turks and not as Hazaras, and tliev will,
3 be discussed later on under the former head. Their history in the Hazara
4 disti-iet has been sketched in section 412. Dr. Bellew describes the Hazaras
5 as a —
6 " very simple-minded people, and very much in the hands of their priests. They are for the
7 " most part entirely illiterate, are governed by tribal and clan chiefs whose authority over their
8 " people is absolute, and they are generally very poor and hardy. Many thousands of them come
9 " down to the Panjab every cold season in search of labour either on the roads, or as well-sinkers,
10 ■' wall-builders, &c. In their own country they have the reputation of being a brave and hardy
11 " race, and amongst the Afghans they are considered a faitliful, industrious and intelligent people
12 " as servants. Many thousands of them find employment at Kabul and Ghazni and Kandahar
13 '-' during the winter months as labourers — in the two former cities mainly in removing the snow from
14 " the house-tops and streets. In consequence of their being heretics, the Sunni Afghans hold them
15 ■' in slavery, and in most of the larger towns the servant-maids are purchased slaves of this people."
16 They are all Shiahs.
17 417. The Jadun. — The Jadun or Gadun, as they are called indiffer-
18 ently/ have retm-ned themselves as Pathans to the number of 17,256, of
19 whom 16,962 are in Hazara and 279 in Rawalpindi. They claim descent
20 fi-om Sarhang, a great-grandson of Ghiu-ghusht, two of whose sons fled, they
21 say, becavise of a blood feud to the mountains of Chach and Hazara. It is
22 however almost certain that the Jadun are of Indian origin ; and it has been
23 suggested that in their name is preserved the name of Jadu or Yadu, the
24 founder of the Rajput Yadubansi dynasty, many of whose descendants
25 migrated from Gujarat some 1,100 years before Christ, and were afterwards
26 found in the hills of Kabul and Kandahar. They occupv all the south-
27 eastern portion of the temtory between the Peshawar and Haziu'a borders,
28 and the southern slopes of Mahaban ; and when Jahangir finally crushed the
29 Dilazak, they spread up the Dor valley as high as Abbottabad. Early in the
30 18th century, on the expulsion of the Karlagh Turks by Saiyad Jalal Baba
31 (section 412) they appropriated the country about Dhamtaur ; and about a
32 hundred years later they took the Bagra tract from the few remaining
33 Dilazak who held it, while shortly before the Sikhs took the country their
34 Hassazai clan deprived the Karral of a portion of the Nilan valley. They are
35 divided into three main clans, Salar, Mansur, and Hassazai, of which the last
36 is not represented among the trans-Indus Jadun and has lost all connection
37 with the parent tribe, having even forgotten its old
38 Pashto language. Dr. Bellew makes them a
39 Gakkhar clan, but this appears to be incorrect. The
40 true Pathans of Hazara call them Mlatar or merce-
41 naries, fi'om the Pashto eqiiivalent for lakhan or
42 '- " one who girds his loins.'" The Jaddn clans retm-n-
43 ed in our tables are shown in the margin.
44 418. The Swati. — The Swatis have without exception returned them-
45 selves as Pathans. They number 28,906 soids, of whom 28,429 are in Hazara
46 and 392 in Rawalpindi. The original Swatis were a race of Hindu origin who
47 once ruled the whole country from the Jahlam to Jalalabad. But as has
48 already been recorded in sections 408-9, the Dilazak first drove them out of
49 the plain country into the northern hills of Swat and Buner, and later on the
50 Yusufzai expelled them from those fastnesses and di-ove them east and west
51 into Hazara and Kafiristan. As now existing they are probably a very mixed
52 people, as the name is commonly applied to all descendants of the miscellaneous
53 'Trans- Indus they are always known as Gadun; Cis-Indus, as either Gadiin or Jadun.
54 Jadun clan's.
55 Hassazai ... 6,421
56 Salar ... 2,876
57 Mansur ... 3,718