1 76 PANJAB CASTES.
2 In 1877 the number of these trailers which passed into the distriet of Derah
3 Ismail Khan was 76^400, of which nearly half were grown men. In the year
4 of the Census, the number was 49,393. These Pawindah tribes speak the soft
5 or western Pashto, and have little connection with the settled tribes of the
6 same stock. ^
7 399. It is not to be wondered at that these warlike tribes cast covetous C-
8 eyes on the rich plains of the Indus, held as they were by a peaceful Jat
9 population. Early in the \'Mh century, about the time of Shahab-u.d-din
10 Ghorl, the Prangi and Siir trilies of the Lodi branch with their kinsmen the
11 Sarwani, settled in the northern part of the district immediattly under the
12 Sulcmans, the Prangi and Siir holding Tank and Rori, while the Sarwani
13 settled south of the Luni in Draban and Chandhwan. With them came the
14 Baluch, Khasor, and other tribes who occupied the branch of the Salt-range
15 which runs along the right bank of the river, and still hold their original
16 location. In the early part of the 1.5th century the Xiazi, another Lodi tribe,
17 followed their kinsmen fi'om Ghazni into Tank, whei-e they lived quietly as
18 Pawindahs for nearly a century, when they crossed the trans-Indus Salt-
19 range and settled in the country now held by the Marwat in the south of the
20 . Bannu district, then almost uninhabited save by sprinkling of pastoral Jats,
21 where Babar mentions them as cultivators in 1505.
22 During the reign of the Lodi and Sur Sultans of Dehli (145U to
23 1555 A.D.), the Prangi and Siir tribes from which these dynasties sprang, and
24 their neighbours the Niiizi, seem to have migrated almost bodily from
25 Afghanistan into Hindustan, where the Niiizi rose to great power, one of their
26 tribe being Subahdar of Lahore. These last waxed insolent and revolted in
27 alliance with the Gakkhars, and in 1547 Sultiin Salim Shiih Suri crushed the
28 rebellion, and with it the tribe. At any rate, when in the early days of
29 Akbai-'s reign the Lohani, another Lodi tribe, who had been expelled by the
30 Suleman Khel Ghilzai from their homes in Katawiiz in the Ghazni mountains,
31 crossed the Sulemans, the Lodi tribes were too weak to resist them ; and they
32 expelled the remaining Prangi and Siir from Tilnk, killing many, while the
33 remainder fled into Hindiistiin. The Lohani are divided into four great tribes,
34 the Mrirwat, Daulat Khel/ :\Iian Khel, and Tiitor.^ About the beginning
35 of the 17th eentm-y the Daulat Khel quarrelled with the Marwats and ]\Iian
36 Khel and drove them out of Tank. The Marwats moved northwards across
37 the Salt-range and drove the Niazi eastwards across the KuiTara and Salt-
38 r mge into Isa Khel on the banks of the Indus, where they found a mixed
39 Awan and Jat pipubition, expelled the former, and reduced the latter to
40 servitude. The Mian Khel passed southward a n'os; the Liini river and, with
41 the assistance of the Bakhtiar, a small Persian tribe of Ispahan origin who had
42 become associated with them in their nomad life,* drove the Sarwiini, already
43 ' Tlie Pawindahs a,ve well describeit at pages 103/" of Dr. Bellew's Races of Afi/hdnistdii,
44 anfl :it page- lS_^of Priestley's translation of the Eaii/di-i-Afghini, wliile Mr. Tucker g;ivcs much
45 Jetailcd information conceraing them at pages IS-iJT" of his Settlement Report of Derah Isiiiai'l
46 Kliau.
47 2 The Daulat KIkI is really only a elan of the Mamu Khel tribe; but it has become so
48 prominent as praetically to absorb the other clans, and to give its name to the whole tribe.
49 ' Wrongly spelt Jator throughout Mr. Tucker's settlement report.
50 •* They are a section of the Bakhtiari of Persia. They first settled with the Shiraui .\fghfiiis
51 and a section now lives at ilargha in the Ghilzai country, and is engaged in the pawindah tiaie
52 but has little or no connection with the Bakhtiar of Derah Ismail.